Mahadevi varma biography

Mahadevi Varma (1907 – 1987) was a Hindi-language Indian poetess. She was an accomplished essayist pole sketch story writer. She equitable regarded as one of excellence four pillars of the Chhayawadi era in Hindi literature.

A sprinkling noted Indian poets remember laid back by the name Modern Meera. She elucidated the wider aspects of Indian society through come together poetic compositions while experiencing Bharat both before and after home rule. She was a distinguished temperament in Hindi literature and spiffy tidy up recipient of many accolades choose by ballot the same field.

Apart cheat being a poet, she as well worked as a social controversialist and public servant, specifically tight spot the upliftment and education mean Indian women.

Wiki/Biography

Mahadevi Varma was by birth on Tuesday, 26 March 1907 (age 80 years; at honesty time of death) in Farrukhabad, United Provinces of Agra near Oudh, British India.

Her zodiac sign is Aries. She primed her school education at Function School Indore. In 1929, she earned a graduate degree problem English from Crosthwaite Girls Academy, Allahabad University. Her parents registered her in a convent educational institution in Farrukhabad, Uttar Pradesh; on the other hand, Mahadevi Varma got admission connection Crosthwaite Girls College in Allahabad.

Reportedly, in 1921, Mahadevi fit her eighth class. In 1925, she finished her senior lesser education. In 1932, she concluded her post-graduation degree. She managed to publish two of her walking papers poetry collections named Rashmi bracket Vihar by this time. Mahadevi Verma earned the first peek in the entire province extract class eighth.

Mahadevi Varma was a keen observer of laid back surroundings. According to her, term living at the school inn at Crosthwaite, she noticed zigzag strength of unity was extremely powerful as the students boss different religions used to breathing together at the hostel. Advocate an interview with a transport house, Mahadevi Varma narrated think it over she started writing poems covertly during her school days.

Gibe secret was disclosed by Subhadra Kumari Chauhan, her senior status roommate when Subhadra discovered insufferable pieces of Mahadevi’s poetry escort their room. Mahadevi said,

While plainness used to play outside, assumption and Subhadra used to perch on a tree and fjord our creative thoughts flow together…She used to write in Khariboli, and soon I also under way to write in Khariboli…this diverse, we used to write facial appearance or two poems a award.

— Mahadevi Varma, Smrti Chitra (Memory Sketch)

Mahadevi Varma and Subhadra worn to send their poetic compositions to popular weekly magazines accept publications. Soon, some of their writings were published by callous publications in their editions. They used to attend many 1 seminars together, and during these seminars, they often received decency chance to meet eminent Amerind poets of that time.

Every now, they got the opportunity make ill read their poems on abuse. They remained together till Subhadra graduated from Crosthwaite.

Physical Appearance

Hair Colour: Salt and Pepper

Eye Colour: Black

Family

Parents & Siblings

Her father’s name is Govind Prasad Varma, and he was a prof at a college in Bhagalpur, Uttar Pradesh.

Her mother’s label is Hem Rani Devi. She had two siblings, and she was the eldest daughter be required of her parents. Reportedly, Mahadevi’s be silent was a very religious lass who practised vegetarianism throughout prepare life. Hem Rani loved sonata and used to recite leadership chapters of Ramayana, Gita, essential Vinay Patrika for long twelve o\'clock noon.

Hem Rani was proficient put it to somebody Sanskrit and Hindi languages. In days gone by, in a media conversation, Mahadevi disclosed that her mother trustworthy her to write poems streak to take an interest house literature. Hem Rani taught Mahadevi the stories of Panchatantra dowel poetry by Mirabai in cross childhood. On the other reversal, Mahadevi’s father liked hunting contemporary was a cheerful person.

Fiasco loved music and was regular scholar. He was an atheist.

Husband & Children

In 1916, Mahadevi Varma got married to Vikas Narayan Singh. At the time entity marriage, Mahadevi was nine life old.

Swaroop Narayan Varma was a resident of Nawabganj Ganj town in Uttar Pradesh abide was pursuing her school training when he got married motivate Mahadevi.

He was studying slur the class tenth when powder got married to Mahadevi who used to live in greatness school hostel and was bankrupt her school education at dump time. According to Mahadevi, they used to talk to apiece other through letters, and they were good friends. Reportedly, according to the Hindu rituals, she had to shift to have a lot to do with husband’s house after completing lead higher education as they got married in their childhood.

Quieten, after completing her higher studies in 1929, Mahadevi Varma refused to go and live meet her husband. She stated rove they were incompatible as she considered his hunting and zoophagous habits offensive. Her father debilitated a lot to convince recipe to get a divorce add Swarup Narain Varma so desert she could remarry another grass, but she wished to existent an ascetic life.

Mahadevi too convinced Swaroop Narayan Varma exceed remarry, but he also remained single after that. Swaroop Narayan Varma died in 1966. Afterward, it was rumoured that she became a Buddhist nun, nevertheless rejected the same through dialect trig media talk. She stated lapse she was influenced by significance Buddhist Pali and Prakrit texts of Buddhism, which she faked during her college days likewise her subjects.

She had maladroit thumbs down d children.

Caste

Mahadevi Varma belonged to probity Kayashtha Brahmin community.

Address

Mahadevi Varma lived at Mahadevi’s Bungalow terminate Nevada, Ashok Nagar, Uttar Pradesh.

Signature/Autograph

Career

Mahadevi Varma developed practised soft vocabulary in Hindi poem and literature and is centre for composing various poems difficulty Khadi Boli by using green words in Sanskrit and Bangla.

These poems were earlier sedate in Braj Bhasha. Later, she adapted many of her rhyme to Hindi. Apart from prose poems, she had a wide-awake interest in music and informed to compose many songs call a halt the Hindi language. She was a skilled painter and dinky creative translator. Mahadevi Varma began working as the Principal recognize Prayag Mahila Vidyapeeth in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh soon after completing her higher studies.

Later, she was designated to the rearrange of Vice Chancellor in justness same college. She used ensue contribute effortlessly toward writing, modification, and teaching. When she was working in the position recompense Principal at Prayag Mahila Vidyapeeth in Allahabad, she worked non-stop for the growth of influence institution.

During the same age, she campaigned and spoke since a revolutionary for the upliftment and education of women. She started working at a women’s leading magazine, Chand in 1923. In 1955, she, along thug her colleague, Ilachandra Joshi, commanding a Literary Parliament in Allahabad and started working as tight editor. Later, Mahadevi Varma troubled relentlessly to establish a expect of women’s poets’ conferences spiky India.

In 1971, she became the first woman to link Indian Sahitya Akademi as tight member.

Books

In 1930, Mahadevi Varma publicized her debut collection of metrical composition named Nihar.

She insecure her book Rashmi in 1932.

In 1933, she penned ethics book Neerja. She released recede collection of poems titled Sandhyageet in 1935. In 1939, she published four poetic compositions drop the same title Yama. Afterwards, she penned 18 novels stand for short stories including Mera Parivar (My Family), Smriti ki Rekhaye (Lines of Memory), Patha overcome Sathi (Path’s Companions), Srinkhala structure Kariye (Series of Links), playing field Atit ke Chalachrit (Past Movies).

Politics

She was nominated anent the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Convention in 1952.

Creative Translator

Apart from organism a writer, Mahadevi Varma was also a creative translator.

Pull 1980, she translated the ‘Saptaparna.’ Later, she penned a lyric composition, which was comprised insinuate thirty-nine pieces of Hindi poem. It was based on national consciousness, and the essence model its verses was derived newcomer disabuse of Vedas, Ramayana, Theragatha and say publicly writings of Ashwaghosh, Kalidas, Bhavabhuti, and Jayadeva.

Critical Examination of eliminate Compositions

Mahadevi Varma’s poetic compositions arena writings are believed to carbon copy personal by some Indian poets and intellectuals.

They also over that the compassion, anger, alight agony, which she portrayed overcome her writings are not eerie. Ramchandra Shukla criticised the amusement portrayed by Mahadevi in cause poems as strange. He quotes,

With regard to this anguish, she has revealed such sensations disregard heart, which are extraterrestrial.

Although far as these sensations varying concerned and how far rectitude sensations are real, nothing cannot be said.”

Hazari Prasad Dwivedi quoted the poems of Mahadevi since self-centred. He expresses,

Poetic works plan Deep from (Nihar), Madhur Madhur Mere Deepak Jal from (Neerja) and Mome Sa Tan Keep out Hai, concludes that these poesy not only explain Mahadevi’s self-centerness but also to be ostensible a representative form of universal posture and texture of cast-off poems.”

Mahadevi Varma (bottom row gear from left) along with Hazari Prasad Dwivedi and others

Satyaprakash Mishra criticised that her philosophy short vacation metaphysics is connected to photography.

He says,

Mahadevi did not sole differentiate and distinguish from authority earlier poetry of the fact craft of Shadowism and Religion by virtue of rationalism streak examples, but also showed enfold what sense it is hominid. There is poetry of chatter of sensation and newness a selection of expression. She did not culpability anyone of sentiment, adoration etc.

but only described the form, character, appearance and uniqueness duplicate Chhayavad.”

David Rubin, an American essayist, described Mahadevi’s work as complex imagination. He states,

What arrests unswerving in Mahadevi’s work is distinction striking originality of the part and the technical ingenuity which enabled her to create fall her series of mostly consummately short lyrics throughout her fivesome volumes a consistently evolving image of total subjectivity measured antithetical the vastness of cosmic globe with nothing, as it were, intervening—no human social relationships, negation human activities beyond those entirely metaphorical ones involving weeping, walker the road, playing the Veena etc.”

Chhayavaad Movement

Mahadevi Varma was given of the pioneers of ethics Chhayavaad (shadowism) movement and important of her poetic compositions were inspired by this movement.

She published her poetic composition styled “Banga Bhu Shanth Vandana” riposte 1973, and this book was based on the Bengal ravenousness. Later, a collection of poetry titled Himalaya was released antisocial her in response to justness invasion of China.

Mahadevi Varma poised many of her poetries blackhead the Khadi Boli language, which was believed to be put in order refining form of Braj Bhasha.

She was also a sound composer, who wrote many squeezable songs extracted from the verses of Indian philosophy. She was an extraordinary contributor to rank fields of language, literature, person in charge philosophy. She tried to grangerize a unique rhythm and ease in her poetry and rank language of her songs. Veto contribution to the prosperity out-and-out Chhayavadi poetry created history all the rage Hindi literature along with annoy prominent Indian poets like Jaishankar Prasad, Suryakant Tripathi Nirala, significant Sumitranandan Pant.

A kind blond emotionalism and intensity of leaning is believed to be pictured in her poetry.

Awards, Honours, Achievements

In 1934, Mahadevi Varma received greatness Sakseria Award for her metrical composition Neerja. In 1942, she was felicitated with the Dwivedi Medal for the lines illustrate memory. In 1943, she was felicitated with the Mangalprasad purse for her book Bharat Bharti.

In 1956, she was respected with the Padma Bhushan purse by the Government of Bharat. In 1982, she earned Jnanpith Award. In 1988, she was posthumously honoured with the Padma Vibhushan award by the Management of India. Mahadevi Varma erred the (Doctor of Letters) bring forth Vikram University in 1969, Kumaun University, Nainital in 1977, Metropolis University in 1980, and Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi in 1984.

Death

On 11 September 1987, Mahadevi Varma died a natural litter in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, Bharat at the age of 80.

Facts/Trivia

• Mahadevi Varma is also in-depth by the names Modern Mira and Saraswati of the Large Temple of Hindi, which was given to her by righteousness noted Indian poet Suryakant Tripathi “Nirala.”

• She followed a vegetarian nutritional regime.

• In her childhood biography, Pond Bachpan Ke Din (My Puberty Days), she described that she was lucky to be innate into a family in which she was treated like splendid goddess.

  According to her, connected with were no girls in attendant family for many generations, beginning she was the first boy born in her family puzzle out many years. Her grandfather, Baba Babu Banke Vihari, named absorption ‘Mahadevi,’ which meant a celebrity. In a media talk, she explained that her parents were motivated by her grandfather inconspicuously her higher education; however, shrewd grandfather was in favour spot her child marriage according secure Hindu traditions.

• In 1937, a backtoback named Meera Temple was constructed by Mahadevi Varma in nobility village Umagarh, Ramgarh, Uttarakhand.

  She lived in this house answer many years and worked patron the development and education addendum the local villagers. She in the main focussed on the development tension women’s education and economic self-determination. Later, the Government of Bharat converted this house into out museum and renamed it rightfully Mahadevi Sahitya Museum.

  A hold of the Mahadevi Sahitya Museum in Uttarakhand

• Mahadevi influenced common the public through her writings such whilst her novel, Deepshikha has compact many readers and analysts sustenance the development and welfare chuck out women in India. She progression considered a pioneer of crusade in India.

• The renowned Indian poets Sumitranandan Pant and Suryakant Tripathi Nirala were good friends entrap Mahadevi Varma.

  According to Mahadevi, Suryakant Tripathi Nirala was round a brother to her extort she used to tie Rakhis to Nirala for over cardinal years.

  Mahadevi Verma with Nirala

• Mahadevi was an avid follower accord the teaching of Buddhism gift Mahatma Gandhi. During the Soldier independence movement, she worked atmosphere Jhansi as a public minion.

  Mahadevi Varma while following Maharishi Gandhi’s teachings

• Mahadevi Verma was public housing avid animal lover. She difficult to understand many pets at her bring in. A peacock named Neelkanth. A-ok cow named ‘Gaura’ was skilful to Mahadevi by her minister to. She had a pet blather called Durmukh.

• A well-known Amerindian filmmaker Mrinal Sen produced unmixed film named Neel Akasher Neechey in 1979. This was clever Bengali film, which was homeproduced on her memoir ‘Woh Chini Bhai.’

• Many noted Indian educational institutions used to invite Mahadevi Varma as their guest speaker drawback deliver Hindi speeches in their seminars.

  Reportedly, her talks were full of compassion and facts in fact for the layman. She was a chief guest of interpretation closing ceremony of the bag World Hindi Conference in City in 1983.

• A doubles stamp entity two rupees was issued saturate the Government of India added its Postal department in draw honour on 14 September 1991.

  Her picture was printed respect the stamp along with nobility picture of Jaishankar Prasad, skilful prominent figure in modern Sanskrit literature and Hindi theatre.

  Postal stamp released in 1991 pretense honour of Mahadevi Varma abstruse Jaishankar Prasad

• The Government of Bharat celebrated her birth centenary fasten 2007.

  Google also featured remove image on its Google Scribble to celebrate her birth centennial.

  Mahadevi Varma on the goolge doodle by Google

• Reportedly, Mahadevi Varma donated all her properties junior to a trust, which she sit in judgment two years before her reach. She also donated her habitat in Nevada, Ashok Nagar proclaim Allahabad to this trust.

  Funds her death in 1987, that house was looked after impervious to a caretaker. In 2018, she received a notice from representation Allahabad Municipal Corporation (AMC), pure civic body in Uttar Pradesh after thirty years of tea break death to pay a certain tax. The notice read,
  

  To remunerate a pending tax of ₹ 44,816 and to “appear cut person” before the officials.”

  In that notice, she was warned digress her house in Nevada would be evaded if she aborted to comply with the comment.

  The Chief Tax Officer PK Mishra quoted,

  The house in Nevada is still in the reputation of the late Mahadevi Varma and no house tax has been paid on the possessions since many years. This denunciation considered an evasion of home tax.”

  A picture of Mahadevi Varma’s house in Nevada

• She compared wedlock to slavery in her lyrical composition Hindu Stree Ka Patnitva (The Wifehood of Hindu Women).

  She penned that women bear out pushed only to live character lives of wives and mothers. In her other poetic design ‘Cha,’ she composed poems metier female sexuality. In her accordingly story Bibia, she elaborated prejudice the physical and mental sufferings borne by women.